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James Shoal
James Shoal, also called ''Beting Serupai'' in Malaysia and ''Zengmu Reef'' () in Greater China, is a small bank in the South China Sea, with a depth of .〔(Sector 11 Borneo Northwest Coast )〕 It is claimed by Malaysia, the People's Republic of China, and the Republic of China (Taiwan). The shoal and its surroundings are administered by Malaysia.〔See James Shoal#Malaysian jurisdiction〕
== History ==
James Shoal, along with its two nearby features, Parsons’ Shoal and Lydie Shoal, were discovered by British surveyors in the early 19th Century via many of its surveys. James Shoal first appeared on the British Admiralty Chart in the 1870s. In 1933 a government committee of the Republic of China gave Chinese names to many features in the South China Sea. These were mainly translations or transliterations of the names on the British charts.〔Bill Hayton, The South China Sea: the struggle for power in Asia, Chapter 2〕 The name 'James' was transliterated as Zeng Mu (the letters 'J' and 'M'). 'Shoal' was translated as 'Tan' - meaning sandbank. It appears the Chinese committee thought, wrongly that James Shoal was an island. In 1947 the RoC changed the name to 'Ansha' - meaning 'reef'〔Bill Hayton, How a non-existent island became China's southernmost territory. SCMP 9 February 2013http://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1146151/how-non-existent-island-became-chinas-southernmost-territory?page=all〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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